Samson Nambei Asoba, Raymond Mgcineni Mcunukelwa and Nteboheng Mefi
Problem statement: As a result of disruptive technologies associated with the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), business models are transforming and industry best practices are being recon-figured, leading to multiple speculations about future models and factors for business survival, competitiveness and sustainability. Disruptions in traditional business suggest that new competencies and operational demands are now required Study aim: The study aims to explore elements for developing a competitive business environment in the context of the 4IR and new business models for competitiveness and survival of business in the South African context. Method: The study is qualitative in nature and data was collected following a document analysis technique. Official documents reporting on competitiveness were selected and reviewed. These documents included the Global Competitiveness Report and State of the South African Nation addresses. Results: The study found that the South African business environment is characterised by remarkable socio-economic inequalities. Rural areas and provinces remain marginalized. Adoption of technology should be seen as central to improve the competitiveness of businesses and reduce socio-economic inequalities. Significance of the study: The study is expected to boost businesses and entrepreneurship in various industries and sectors and informs entrepreneurs on the role of technology in enhancing competitive advantage and survival in the 4IR. It will inform policy makers on relevant policies to implement to support small businesses.